In the production and manufacturing process of motors, in order to obtain some performance advantages of certain parts, thermal treatment processes are sometimes used. Different materials, different parts, and different performance requirements require different heat treatment methods.
1. Annealing process This process is to heat the parts to 30 to 50 degrees above the critical temperature, keep them warm for a period of time, and then slowly cool them to room temperature. The application of annealing treatment is to improve the internal structure and processing technology of the material; increase the plasticity of the material and eliminate some processing stress; for magnetic materials, it can eliminate its internal stress, improve magnetic conductivity, and reduce energy loss. The materials that can be processed by this process mainly include cast iron, cast steel, forged steel, copper and copper alloys, magnetic conductive materials, high carbon steel, alloy steel and stainless steel. The welded parts of the motor (such as welded shafts, welded machine bases, welded end covers, etc.) and bare copper bars of the rotor all need to undergo necessary annealing processes.
2. Quenching process: This process is to heat the parts above the critical temperature point, keep them warm for a period of time and then quickly cool them. The cooling medium will be water, salt water, cooling oil, etc., and its purpose is to obtain higher hardness. Usually used to meet the performance of parts that need to withstand high loads or wear resistance. Induction heating quenching is a method that uses the principle of electromagnetic induction to generate an induced current on the surface of the workpiece. Through the skin effect of alternating current, the surface of the workpiece is rapidly heated to an austenitized state, and then cooled rapidly to transform the surface structure. It is martensite or bainite, thereby improving the surface hardness, wear resistance and fatigue strength of the workpiece, while maintaining high toughness in the central part. This method is often used for parts such as shafts and gears to improve their mechanical properties. 3. Critical temperature of heat treatment The critical temperature in heat treatment refers to the temperature at which the structure of the metal material changes, resulting in significant performance changes. The critical temperatures of different metal materials are also different. The critical temperature of heat treatment of carbon steel is about 740°C, and the critical temperature of different steel types also differs; the critical temperature of stainless steel is lower, generally below 950°C; the critical temperature of heat treatment of aluminum alloy is generally around 350°C; the critical temperature of copper alloy The critical temperature is low, generally below 200°C.
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