★ Isimiso motor: Isimiso motor silula kakhulu. Kalula nje, iyisisetshenziswa esisebenzisa amandla kagesi ukuze sikhiqize inkambu kazibuthe ezungezayo kukhoyili futhi iqhube i-rotor ukuthi ijikeleze. Labo abafunde umthetho wokungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic bayazi ukuthi ikhoyili enikwe amandla izophoqeleka ukuthi ijikeleze endaweni kazibuthe. Lesi yisimiso esiyisisekelo se-motor. Lolu wulwazi lwefiziksi yesikole samabanga aphezulu.
★Isakhiwo se-motor: Noma ubani ohlakaze injini uyazi ukuthi injini ngokuyinhloko yakhiwe izingxenye ezimbili, ingxenye ye-stator engashintshi kanye nengxenye ye-rotor ejikelezayo, kanje: 1. I-Stator (ingxenye emile) I-Stator core: ingxenye ebalulekile ye-motor isifunda kazibuthe, futhi i-stator winding ibekwe kuyo; i-stator winding: ikhoyili, ingxenye yesifunda yenjini, exhunywe kugesi, esetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza inkambu kazibuthe ejikelezayo; isisekelo: lungisa i-stator core kanye nesembozo sokuphela kwemoto, futhi ubambe iqhaza ekuvikelweni nasekukhipheni ukushisa; 2. I-Rotor (ingxenye ejikelezayo) I-Rotor core: ingxenye ebalulekile ye-motor magnetic circuit, i-rotor winding ifakwe ku-slot core; i-rotor winding: ukusika insimu yamagnetic ezungeza i-stator ukuze kukhiqizwe amandla e-electromotive kanye namanje, bese kwakha i-torque kagesi ukuzungezisa injini;
1. I-Stator (ingxenye emile) I-stator core: ingxenye ebalulekile yesekethe kazibuthe yemoto, lapho kubekwa khona i-stator winding; i-stator winding: ikhoyili, ingxenye yesifunda yenjini, exhunywe kugesi, esetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza inkambu kazibuthe ejikelezayo; isisekelo: lungisa i-stator core kanye nesembozo sokuphela kwemoto, futhi ubambe iqhaza ekuvikelweni nasekukhipheni ukushisa; 2. I-Rotor (ingxenye ejikelezayo) I-Rotor core: ingxenye ebalulekile yesekhethi ye-motor magnetic, ene-rotor winding efakwe ku-slot eyinhloko; i-rotor winding: ukusika insimu yamagnetic ezungeza i-stator ukuze kukhiqizwe amandla e-electromotive kanye namanje, bese kwakha i-torque kagesi ukuzungezisa injini;
★Amafomula wokubala amaningana amamotho: 1. Okuhlobene ne-electromagnetic 1) Ifomula yamandla kagesi akhangisiwe wemoto: E=4.44*f*N*Φ, lapho u-E engamandla ekhoyili kagesi, f imvamisa, u-S indawo ye-cross-sectional ye-conductor (efana ne-iron core) elizungezile, uN inombolo yokujika, futhi u-Φ ukugeleza kazibuthe. Ngeke sihlolisise ukuthi ifomula itholakala kanjani, kodwa ikakhulukazi sibheke ukuthi isetshenziswa kanjani. Amandla e-electromotive enziwe ayisisekelo sokungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic. Uma ikhondukta enamandla e-electromotive eyinge ivaliwe, kuzokwenziwa i-current induced. Amandla akhona azofakwa ngaphansi kwamandla e-Ampere endaweni kazibuthe, akhiqize umzuzu kazibuthe, ngaleyo ndlela aqhube ikhoyili ukuthi ijikeleze. Kusukela kufomula engenhla, siyazi ukuthi ubukhulu bamandla e-electromotive bulingana nemvamisa yokunikezwa kwamandla, inani lokuphenduka kwekhoyili, kanye ne-flux kazibuthe. Ifomula yokubala ukugeleza kazibuthe ithi Φ=B*S*COSθ. Uma indiza enendawo engu-S iqondane nendawo yenkundla kazibuthe, i-engeli engu-θ ingu-0, i-COSθ ilingana no-1, futhi ifomula iba ngu-Φ=B*S.
Ngokuhlanganisa amafomula amabili angenhla, singathola ifomula yokubala amandla kazibuthe okuguquguquka kwenjini: B=E/(4.44*f*N*S). 2) Enye ifomula ye-Ampere force. Uma sifuna ukwazi ukuthi ikhoyili inamandla angakanani, sidinga le fomula F=I*L*B*sinα, lapho mina nginamandla amanje, L ubude bekhoyili, B ubukhulu bezibuthe, kanye no-α i-engeli ephakathi kwesikhombisi-ndlela samanje nendawo yamagnetic field. Uma ucingo luhambisana nenkundla kazibuthe, ifomula iba F=I*L*B (uma kuyikhoyili ye-N-turn, i-magnetic flux B iyisamba esiphelele sikazibuthe sekhoyili ye-N-turn, futhi akukho udinga ukuphindaphinda u-N futhi). Ukwazi amandla, siyayazi itorque. I-torque ilingana ne-torque ephindwe nge-radius yesenzo, T=r*F=r*I*B*L (umkhiqizo we-vector). Ngamafomula amabili we-power=force*speed (P=F*V) kanye nesivinini somugqa V=2πR*isivinini ngomzuzwana (n amasekhondi), singakwazi ukusungula ubuhlobo namandla futhi sithole ifomula No. 3 ngezansi. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-torque yangempela yokukhipha isetshenziswa ngalesi sikhathi, ngakho-ke amandla abaliwe angamandla okukhipha. 2. Ifomula yokubala isivinini se-AC asynchronous motor ithi: n=60f/P. Lokhu kulula kakhulu. Ijubane lilingana nemvamisa yokuphakelwa kwamandla futhi lilingana ngokuphambene nenani lamapheya e-motor pole (khumbula, yipheya). Vele usebenzise ifomula ngokuqondile. Nokho, le fomula empeleni ibala isivinini esivumelanayo (isivinini sensimu kazibuthe ejikelezayo). Ijubane langempela le-asynchronous motor lizoba ngaphansi kancane kunejubane lokuvumelanisa, ngakho-ke sivame ukubona ukuthi i-4-pole motor ngokuvamile ingaphezu kwama-revolutions angu-1400, ingafinyeleli ama-revolutions angu-1500. 3. Ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-torque yemoto kanye nesivinini semitha yamandla: T=9550P/n (P amandla emoto, n isivinini semoto), okungatholakala kokuqukethwe kweNo. 1 ngenhla, kodwa asikwenzi' t kudingeka ufunde ukuthi itholakala kanjani, vele ukhumbule le fomula yokubala. Kodwa futhi, amandla P kufomula akuwona amandla okufaka, kodwa amandla okukhipha. Ngenxa yokuthi injini inokulahlekelwa, amandla okufaka awalingani namandla okukhipha. Kodwa-ke, izincwadi zivame ukuhlelwa, futhi amandla okufaka alingana namandla okukhipha.
4. Amandla emoto (amandla okokufaka): 1) Ifomula yokubala amandla emoto yesigaba esisodwa: P=U*I*cosφ. Uma isici samandla singu-0.8, i-voltage ingu-220V, futhi yamanje ingu-2A, bese kuba namandla P=0.22×2×0.8=0.352KW. 2) Ifomula yokubala amandla enjini yezigaba ezintathu: P=1.732*U*I*cosφ (cosφ isici samandla, u-U yi-voltage yomugqa wokulayisha, futhi mina ngingumugqa wamanje womugqa). Kodwa-ke, lolu hlobo lwe-U kanye nami luhlobene nendlela yokuxhuma yemoto. Lapho kusetshenziswa uxhumano lwenkanyezi, njengoba iziphetho ezivamile zamakhoyili amathathu anama-voltage angu-120 ° ahlukene axhunywe ndawonye ukuze enze iphuzu elingu-0, i-voltage elayishwe kukhoyili yomthwalo empeleni iyi-voltage yesigaba; futhi lapho uxhumano lukanxantathu lusetshenziswa, ikhoyili ngayinye ixhunywe entanjeni yamandla emikhawulweni yomibili, ngakho-ke i-voltage elayishwe kukhoyili yokulayisha i-voltage yolayini. Uma sisebenzisa i-voltage engu-3 yesigaba esingu-380V evame ukusetshenziswa, ikhoyili ingu-220V ekuxhumekeni kwenkanyezi kanye no-380V ekuxhumekeni kukanxantathu, P=U*I=U^2/R, ngakho-ke amandla ekuxhumekeni kukanxantathu aphindwe izikhathi ezingu-3 kunenkanyezi. , yingakho izinjini zamandla aphezulu zisebenzisa inkanyezi-delta ukusuka phansi ukuqala. Ukwazi kahle ifomula engenhla futhi uyiqonde kahle, ngeke usadideka mayelana nesimiso se-motor, futhi ngeke wesabe ukufunda inkambo enzima njengokudonsa kwemoto. ★Ezinye izingxenye zemoto.
I-1) I-Fan: imvamisa ukufakwa emsileni wenjini ukuze kukhishwe ukushisa kwenjini; I-2) Ibhokisi lokuhlanganisa: elisetshenziselwa ukuxhuma ekunikezeni amandla, njenge-AC yesigaba sesithathu se-asynchronous motor, futhi ingaxhunywa ngenkanyezi noma unxantathu njengoba kudingeka; 3) Ukuzala: kuxhuma izingxenye ezijikelezayo nezimile zemoto; 4. Ikhava yokugcina: ikhava yangaphambili nangemuva ngaphandle kwenjini, edlala indima esekelayo.
low-voltage motor kagesi,Ex motor, Abakhiqizi bezimoto eChina,I-motor induction yezigaba ezintathu, YEBO injini