Uma kuqhathaniswa neama-asynchronous motors, uzibuthe unomphelaama-synchronous motorsbabe nezinzuzo ezisobala. Ziyakwazi ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, isici samandla aphezulu, izinkomba zokusebenza okuhle, usayizi omncane, isisindo esincane, ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi, imiphumela ebalulekile yobuchwepheshe, nokuthuthukisa kangcono ikhwalithi yegridi yamandla. izici, ukusebenzisa ngokugcwele umthamo wegridi yamandla ekhona, ukonga utshalomali kugridi yamandla, kanye nokuxazulula kangcono isimo "sehhashi elikhulu nekalishi elincane" ezintweni zikagesi.​
01.Ukusebenza kahle kanye nesici samandla
Uma i-asynchronous motor isebenza, i-rotor winding idonsa ingxenye yamandla kagesi avela kugridi yamandla ukuze avuse, okudla amandla egridi yamandla. Le ngxenye yamandla kagesi igcina idliwe ekujikeni kwe-rotor njengokushisa. Lokhu kulahlekelwa kubala cishe u-20-30% wokulahlekelwa okuphelele kwemoto, okunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kwemoto. I-rotor excitation current iguqulelwa ekujikeni kwe-stator njenge-inductive current, okwenza i-current inductive current, okwenza i-stator winding lag ngemuva kwe-voltage yegridi yamandla nge-engeli, okuholela ekwehleni kwesici samandla enjini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusukela ekusebenzeni kahle namandla factor curves ofunomphela uzibuthe amamotho synchronouskanye nama-asynchronous motors (Umfanekiso 1), kungabonakala ukuthi uma izinga lomthwalo (=P2/Pn) lingu-
Ngemuva kokuthi umazibuthe unomphela eshumekwe ku-rotor ye-synchronous motor yamagnetic unomphela, umazibuthe unomphela usetshenziselwa ukusungula insimu kazibuthe ye-rotor. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza okujwayelekile, i-rotor kanye ne-stator magnetic field isebenza ngokuhambisanayo, akukho okwamanje okubangelwa ku-rotor, futhi akukho ukulahlekelwa kokumelana ne-rotor. Lokhu kukodwa kungakhuphula ukusebenza kahle kwezimoto ngo-4% ~50%. Njengoba kungekho ukuvuswa kwamanje okubangelwa ku-hydromagnetic motor rotor, ukuvuthwa kwe-stator kungase kube umthwalo ohlanzekile ophikisanayo, okwenza isici samandla e-motor sicishe sibe ngu-1. Kusukela ekusebenzeni kahle kanye namajika esici samandla we-magnetic synchronous motor unomphela kanye ne-asynchronous motor (Figure 1), kungabonakala ukuthi lapho izinga lomthwalo we-synchronous motor unomphela uzibuthe li>20%, ukusebenza kahle kwayo nokusebenza kwamandla okusebenzayo akuguquki kakhulu, futhi ukusebenza kahle ku>80%.
02. Ukuqala iKhabhinethi
Lapho i-asynchronous motor iqalwa, i-motor idingeka ukuthi ibe ne-torque enkulu ngokwanele yokuqala, kodwa okwamanje ayinkulu kakhulu, ukuze kugwenywe ukwehla kwamandla kagesi ngokweqile kugridi yamandla futhi kuthinte ukusebenza okuvamile kwamanye ama-motor kanye nemishini kagesi. ixhunywe kugridi yamandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho i-current yokuqala inkulu kakhulu, injini ngokwayo izothinteka ngamandla kagesi amaningi. Uma iqalwa kaningi, kukhona nengozi yokushisa ngokweqile. Ngakho-ke, ukwakheka kokuqala kwama-asynchronous motors kuvame ukubhekana nenkinga.
Amamotho ayizibuthe ahambisanayo ngokuvamile nawo asebenzisa ukuqala okungavumelani. Njengoba ukuvuthwa kwe-rotor kungasebenzi lapho i-motor synchronous yamagnetic unomphela isebenza ngokujwayelekile, lapho uklama injini yamagnetic unomphela, i-rotor winding ingahlangabezana ngokugcwele nezidingo ze-torque yokuqala ephezulu, isibonelo, i-torque yokuqala iyanda isuka ezikhathini ezingu-1.8. i-asynchronous motor izikhathi ezingu-2.5, noma ezinkulu nakakhulu, ezixazulula kangcono "ihhashi elikhulu elidonsa inqola encane" ezintweni zamandla.
3. Ukwenyuka kwezinga lokushisa
Njengoba i-rotor winding inokugeleza kwamanje lapho i-asynchronous motor isebenza, futhi lokhu kwamanje kudliwe ngokuphelele ngesimo samandla okushisa, inani elikhulu lokushisa lizokhiqizwa ekujikelezeni kwe-rotor, okuzokwandisa izinga lokushisa kwemoto futhi kuthinte isevisi. impilo yemoto. Ngenxa yokusebenza kahle okuphezulu kwamamotho kazibuthe unomphela, akukho ukulahleka kokumelana kumajika e-rotor, futhi kukhona okuncane noma cishe awekho amandla asebenzayo ku-stator winding, okwenza izinga lokushisa lemoto lenyuke liphansi futhi andise impilo yesevisi yemoto. 4. Umthelela ekusebenzeni kwegridi yamandla
Ngenxa yesici samandla aphansi we-asynchronous motor, i-motor idonsa inani elikhulu lamanje elisebenzayo kusuka kugridi yamandla, okuholela ekutheni kube nenani elikhulu lamanje elisebenzayo kugridi yamandla, imishini ye-transformer kanye nemishini yokuphehla amandla, nayo inciphisa isici sekhwalithi yegridi yamandla futhi inyusa umthwalo kugridi yamandla, okokusebenza kwe-transformer kanye nempahla yokuphehla amandla. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amandla asebenzayo asebenzisa ingxenye yamandla kagesi kugridi yamandla, imishini ye-transformer kanye nemishini yokuphehla amandla, okuholela ekusebenzeni okuphansi kwegridi yamandla futhi kuthinte ukusetshenziswa ngempumelelo kwamandla kagesi. Futhi ngenxa yokusebenza kahle okuphansi kwe-asynchronous motor, ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zamandla okukhiphayo, kuyadingeka ukumunca amandla amaningi kagesi kusuka kugridi yamandla, ukwandisa ukulahlekelwa kwamandla kagesi nokwandisa umthwalo kugridi yamandla.
Ayikho i-excitation yamanje yokungeniswa ku-magnetic motor rotor unomphela, i-motor inesici esiphezulu samandla, esithuthukisa isici sekhwalithi yegridi yamandla futhi iqede isidingo sokufaka isinxephezelo kugridi yamandla. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngenxa yokusebenza kahle okuphezulu kwemoto kazibuthe unomphela, amandla kagesi nawo agcinwa.