★Ka'idar Motar: Ka'idar motar abu ne mai sauki. A taƙaice, na'ura ce da ke amfani da makamashin lantarki don samar da filin maganadisu mai jujjuya a kan na'urar kuma tana motsa rotor don juyawa. Waɗanda suka koyi ka'idar shigar da wutar lantarki sun san cewa za a tilasta wa na'ura mai kuzari ta jujjuya a cikin filin maganadisu. Wannan shine ainihin ka'idar motar. Wannan shine ilimin kimiyyar lissafi na karamar sakandare.
★Tsarin Motar: Duk wanda ya kwakkwance Motar ya san cewa Motar ta kunshi sassa biyu ne, tsayayyen stator part da jujjuyawa, kamar haka: 1. Stator (Stationary part) Stator core: muhimmin bangare na motar. Magnetic kewaye, da kuma stator winding aka sanya a kai; stator winding: coil, ɓangaren kewayawa na motar, wanda aka haɗa da wutar lantarki, ana amfani da shi don samar da filin maganadisu mai juyawa; tushe: gyara stator core da murfin ƙarshen motar, kuma suna taka rawa a cikin kariya da zafi mai zafi; 2. Rotor (bangaren jujjuya) Rotor core: wani muhimmin sashi na injin maganadisu na motsa jiki, ana sanya iska mai jujjuyawa a cikin core Ramin; na'ura mai juyi: yankan stator mai jujjuya filin maganadisu don samar da ƙarfin lantarki da aka jawo da kuma na yanzu, da kuma samar da karfin wutar lantarki don juya motar;
1. Stator (bangaren tsaye) Stator core: wani muhimmin sashi na injin maganadisu, wanda aka sanya iskar stator; stator winding: coil, ɓangaren kewayawa na motar, wanda aka haɗa da wutar lantarki, ana amfani da shi don samar da filin maganadisu mai juyawa; tushe: gyara stator core da murfin ƙarshen motar, kuma suna taka rawa a cikin kariya da zafi mai zafi; 2. Rotor (bangaren jujjuya) Rotor core: wani muhimmin sashi na injin maganadisu, tare da jujjuyawar jujjuyawar da aka sanya a cikin core Ramin; na'ura mai juyi: yankan stator mai jujjuya filin maganadisu don samar da ƙarfin lantarki da aka jawo da kuma na yanzu, da kuma samar da karfin wutar lantarki don juya motar;
★Hanyoyin ƙididdiga da yawa na injina: 1. Electromagnetic related 1) Ƙa'idar da aka haifar da ƙarfin lantarki na motar: E = 4.44 * f * N * Φ, inda E shine ƙarfin lantarki na coil, f shine mita, S shine ƙarfin lantarki. yankin giciye na madugu (irin su baƙin ƙarfe) wanda aka raunata a kusa da shi, N shine adadin juyi, kuma Φ shine motsi na maganadisu. Ba za mu zurfafa cikin yadda ake samun dabarar ba, amma galibi mu kalli yadda ake amfani da shi. Ƙarfin lantarki da aka haifar shine ainihin shigar da lantarki. Lokacin da aka rufe madugu tare da ƙarfin lantarki da aka jawo, za a samar da abin da aka jawo. Za a yi amfani da halin yanzu da aka jawo zuwa ƙarfin Ampere a cikin filin maganadisu, yana haifar da lokacin maganadisu, ta haka zai motsa nada don juyawa. Daga wannan dabarar da ke sama, mun san cewa girman ƙarfin lantarki ya yi daidai da mitar samar da wutar lantarki, adadin jujjuyawar coil, da maɗaukakin maganadisu. Dabarar ƙididdige motsin maganadisu shine Φ=B*S*COSθ. Lokacin da jirgin da ke da yanki na S ya kasance daidai da jagorancin filin maganadisu, kusurwar θ shine 0, COSθ yana daidai da 1, kuma tsarin ya zama Φ=B*S.
Haɗa waɗannan darussa guda biyu na sama, za mu iya samun dabarar ƙididdige ƙarfin motsin maganadisu: B=E/(4.44*f*N*S). 2) ɗayan shine tsarin ƙarfin Ampere. Idan muna so mu san yawan ƙarfin da aka yi amfani da shi, muna buƙatar wannan dabarar F = I * L * B * sinα, inda ni ne ƙarfin halin yanzu, L shine tsawon jagoran, B shine ƙarfin filin magnetic, da α. shine kusurwar da ke tsakanin shugabanci na yanzu da kuma hanyar filin maganadisu. Lokacin da waya ta kasance daidai da filin maganadisu, dabarar ta zama F = I * L * B (idan na'urar N-turn ce, magnetic flux B shine jimlar maganadisu na nada N-turn, kuma babu babu. bukatar sake ninka N). Sanin karfi, mun san karfin wuta. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki yana daidai da ƙarfin ƙarfin da aka ninka ta radius na aiki, T = r * F = r * I * B * L (samfurin vector). Ta hanyar nau'i biyu na iko = karfi * sauri (P = F * V) da kuma saurin layi V = 2πR * gudun dakika (n seconds), za mu iya kafa dangantaka tare da iko kuma mu sami dabarar No. 3 a kasa. Duk da haka, ya kamata a lura cewa ana amfani da ainihin ƙarfin fitarwa a wannan lokacin, don haka ikon da aka ƙididdige shi shine ikon fitarwa. 2. Tsarin ƙididdige saurin motar AC asynchronous shine: n=60f/P. Wannan abu ne mai sauqi qwarai. Gudun ya yi daidai da mitar samar da wutar lantarki kuma ya yi daidai da adadin nau'i-nau'i na sandar sandar mota (tuna, guda biyu ne). Kawai yi amfani da dabarar kai tsaye. Koyaya, wannan dabarar tana ƙididdige saurin aiki tare (gudun filin maganadisu mai juyawa). Ainihin gudun motar asynchronous zai zama ɗan ƙasa kaɗan fiye da saurin daidaitawa, don haka sau da yawa muna ganin cewa injin ɗin 4-pole gabaɗaya ya fi juyi 1400, bai kai 1500 juyin ba. 3. Dangantakar da ke tsakanin jujjuyawar motsi da saurin mita mai ƙarfi: T = 9550P / n (P shine ikon motsa jiki, n shine saurin motar), wanda za'a iya samo shi daga abun ciki na No. 1 a sama, amma ba mu ' t bukatar koyon yadda ake samu, kawai ku tuna da wannan dabarar lissafi. Amma kuma, ikon P a cikin dabarar ba ikon shigarwa ba ne, amma ikon fitarwa. Domin motar tana da asara, ikon shigar da ita baya daidai da ƙarfin fitarwa. Duk da haka, littattafan sau da yawa sun fi dacewa, kuma ikon shigarwa daidai yake da ƙarfin fitarwa.
4. Ƙarfin mota (ikon shigarwa): 1) Ƙididdiga lissafin wutar lantarki guda ɗaya: P = U * I * cosφ. Idan ma'aunin wutar lantarki ya kasance 0.8, ƙarfin lantarki shine 220V, kuma na yanzu shine 2A, sannan ikon P=0.22×2×0.8=0.352KW. 2) dabarar lissafin wutar lantarki mai hawa uku: P = 1.732 * U * I * cosφ (cosφ shine ma'aunin wutar lantarki, U shine wutar lantarki mai ɗaukar nauyi, kuma ni ne layin layi na yanzu). Koyaya, irin wannan nau'in U da ni yana da alaƙa da hanyar haɗin motar. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da haɗin tauraro, tun da an haɗa ƙarshen gama gari na coils uku tare da ƙarfin lantarki 120 ° baya tare da su don samar da maki 0, ƙarfin lantarki da aka ɗora akan na'ura mai ɗaukar nauyi shine ainihin ƙarfin lokaci; kuma lokacin da aka yi amfani da haɗin triangle, kowane coil yana haɗi zuwa layin wuta a ƙarshen duka biyu, don haka ƙarfin lantarki da aka ɗora akan na'ura mai ɗaukar nauyi shine layin wutar lantarki. Idan muka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na 3-phase 380V da aka saba amfani da shi, nada shine 220V a haɗin tauraro da 380V a haɗin alwatika, P=U*I=U^2/R, don haka ƙarfin haɗin triangle ya ninka sau 3 na haɗin tauraron. , wanda shine dalilin da ya sa manyan motoci ke amfani da star-delta mataki-sako farawa. Kwarewar dabarar da ke sama da fahimtar ta sosai, ba za ku ƙara ruɗewa game da ƙa'idar motar ba, kuma ba za ku ji tsoron koyan kwas mai wahala kamar jan motar ba. ★Sauran sassan motar.
1) Fan: yawanci ana shigar da shi a wutsiyar motar don watsar da zafi don motar; 2) Akwatin junction: ana amfani da shi don haɗawa da wutar lantarki, kamar AC asynchronous motor mai hawa uku, kuma ana iya haɗa shi cikin tauraro ko alwatika kamar yadda ake buƙata; 3) Bearing: yana haɗa sassan jujjuyawar da kuma tsaye na motar; 4. Ƙarshen murfin: murfin gaba da na baya a waje na motar, wanda ke taka rawar tallafi.
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