★Umgaqo wenjini: Umgaqo wenjini ulula kakhulu. Ukubeka nje, sisixhobo esisebenzisa amandla ombane ukuvelisa intsimi yamagnetic ejikelezayo kwikhoyili kwaye iqhube i-rotor ukuba ijikeleze. Abo baye bafunda umthetho wokungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic induction bayazi ukuba ikhoyili ene-energy iya kunyanzelwa ukuba ijikeleze kwintsimi yamagnetic. Lo ngumgaqo osisiseko wemoto. Olu lulwazi lwefiziksi yesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo.
★Ulwakhiwo lweMotor: Nabani na othe waqhawuka i-motor uyazi ukuba i-motor ubukhulu becala yenziwe ngamalungu amabini, i-stator part kunye ne-rotor ejikelezayo, ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: 1. Istator (indawo emileyo) I-stator core: inxalenye ebalulekileyo yemoto isiphaluka samagnetic, kunye ne-stator winding ibekwe kuyo; i-stator winding: i-coil, inxalenye yesekethe ye-motor, edityaniswe kunikezelo lwamandla, esetyenziselwa ukuvelisa intsimi yamagnetic ejikelezayo; isiseko: lungisa i-stator core kunye ne-motor end cover, kwaye udlale indima ekukhuseleni kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu; 2. I-Rotor (inxalenye ejikelezayo) I-Rotor core: inxalenye ebalulekileyo ye-motor magnetic circuit, i-rotor winding ifakwe kwi-slot engundoqo; ukujika kwe-rotor: ukusika i-stator ejikeleza umhlaba wobuzibuthe ukuvelisa amandla e-electromotive kunye nangoku, kwaye yenze i-torque ye-electromagnetic ukujikeleza i-motor;
1. Istator (indawo emileyo) Undoqo weStator: inxalenye ebalulekileyo yesekethe yemagnethi yemoto, apho i-stator winding ibekwe khona; i-stator winding: i-coil, inxalenye yesekethe ye-motor, edityaniswe kunikezelo lwamandla, esetyenziselwa ukuvelisa intsimi yamagnetic ejikelezayo; isiseko: lungisa i-stator core kunye ne-motor end cover, kwaye udlale indima ekukhuseleni kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu; 2. I-Rotor (inxalenye ejikelezayo) I-Rotor core: inxalenye ebalulekileyo ye-motor magnetic circuit, kunye ne-rotor winding ebekwe kwi-slot engundoqo; ukujika kwe-rotor: ukusika i-stator ejikeleza umhlaba wobuzibuthe ukuvelisa amandla e-electromotive kunye nangoku, kwaye yenze i-torque ye-electromagnetic ukujikeleza i-motor;
★Iifomyula ezininzi zokubala zeenjini: 1. Umbane onxulumeneyo 1) Ifomula yamandla ombane owenziweyo wenjini: E=4.44*f*N*Φ, apho u-E engamandla ekhoyili yombane wombane, f kukuphindaphinda, u-S nguye indawo enqamlezileyo ye-conductor (efana nentsimbi engundoqo) ejikelezwe ngeenxa zonke, i-N linani lokujika, kwaye Φ yi-flux magnetic. Asiyi kuphonononga ukuba yenziwa njani na ifomula, kodwa ikakhulu sijonge indlela yokuyisebenzisa. Amandla e-electromotive eyenziwe ngondoqo wokungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic. Xa i-conductor ene-electromotive force induced ivaliwe, i-current induced current iya kuveliswa. I-current induced iya kuba phantsi kwamandla e-Ampere kwintsimi yamagnetic, ivelisa umzuzu wamagnetic, ngaloo ndlela uqhuba ikhoyili ukujikeleza. Ukusuka kule fomula ingentla, siyazi ukuba ubukhulu bamandla ombane we-electromotive bulingana nobuninzi bonikezelo lwamandla, inani lekhoyili ejikayo, kunye ne-magnetic flux. Ifomyula yokubala i-magnetic flux yi-Φ=B*S*COSθ. Xa inqwelomoya enommandla we-S i-perpendicular ukuya kwicala lemagnethi, i-engile θ ngu-0, i-COSθ ilingana no-1, kwaye ifomula iba ngu-Φ=B*S.
Ukudibanisa iifomyula ezimbini ezingentla, sinokufumana ifomyula yokubala ubukhulu be-magnetic flux ye-motor: B = E / (4.44 * f * N * S). 2) Enye yifomula ye-Ampere force. Ukuba sifuna ukwazi ukuba angakanani amandla ekhoyili ephantsi kwayo, sifuna le fomyula F=I*L*B*sinα, apho ndikhoyo ngoku, uL ubude bomqhubi, u-B bubunzima bemagnethi, kunye no-α yi-engile phakathi kolwalathiso lwangoku kunye ne-magnetic field. Xa ucingo lu-perpendicular kumhlaba wemagnethi, ifomula iba ngu-F=I*L*B (ukuba yi-coil ye-N-turn, i-magnetic flux B yi-total magnetic flux ye-N-turn coil, kwaye akukho kufuneka phinda-phinda N kwakhona). Ukwazi amandla, siyayazi itorque. I-torque ilingana ne-torque ephindwe nge-radius yesenzo, T = r * F = r * I * B * L (imveliso ye-vector). Ngokusebenzisa iifomyula ezimbini zamandla = amandla * isantya (P = F * V) kunye nesantya somgca V = 2πR * isantya ngesibini (n imizuzwana), sinokuseka ubudlelwane kunye namandla kwaye sifumane ifomula yeNombolo ye-3 engezantsi. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba i-torque yemveliso yangempela isetyenziswe ngeli xesha, ngoko ke amandla okubalwayo anamandla okuvelisa. 2. Ifomula yokubala isantya senjini ye-AC asynchronous yile: n = 60f/P. Oku kulula kakhulu. Isantya silingana nesantya sonikezelo lwamandla kwaye sichaneke ngokungafaniyo nenani leeperi zepali zeemoto (khumbula, zimbini). Faka nje ifomula ngqo. Nangona kunjalo, le fomyula eneneni ibala isantya se-synchronous (isantya semagnethi esijikelezayo). Isantya sokwenyani se-asynchronous motor siya kuba sezantsi kancinci kunesantya esihambelanayo, ke sihlala sibona ukuba i-4-pole motor ingaphezulu kwe-1400 revolutions, ingafikeleli kwi-1500 revolution. 3. Ubudlelwane phakathi kwe-motor torque kunye nesantya semitha yamandla: T = 9550P / n (P yi-motor power, n isantya semoto), esinokuthathwa kumxholo weNombolo ye-1 ngasentla, kodwa asifuni ' t kufuneka ufunde ukuba ivela njani, khumbula nje le fomula yokubala. Kodwa kwakhona, amandla e-P kwifomula ayiwona amandla okufaka, kodwa amandla aphumayo. Ngenxa yokuba i-motor inelahleko, amandla okufakwayo awalingani namandla aphumayo. Nangona kunjalo, iincwadi zihlala zilungelelaniswa, kwaye amandla okufakwayo alingana namandla aphumayo.
4. Amandla eenjini (amandla egalelo): 1) Ifomula yokubala amandla eenjini zesigaba esinye: P=U*I*cosφ. Ukuba amandla ombane ngu-0.8, i-voltage yi-220V, kwaye okwangoku yi-2A, ngoko amandla P = 0.22 × 2 × 0.8 = 0.352KW. 2) Ifomula yokubala amandla ombane wesigaba sesithathu: P = 1.732 * U * I * cosφ (cosφ yinto yamandla, u-U ngumbane womthwalo womthwalo, kwaye ndingumgca womthwalo wangoku). Nangona kunjalo, olu hlobo lwe-U kunye nam lunxulumene nendlela yokudibanisa yemoto. Xa uxhulumaniso lweenkwenkwezi lusetyenzisiwe, ekubeni iziphelo eziqhelekileyo zeekhoyili ezintathu ezine-voltages ze-120 ° zidibene kunye zenza i-0 point, i-voltage elayishwe kwikhoyili yomthwalo ngokwenene i-voltage yesigaba; kwaye xa uxhulumaniso lwenxantathu lusetyenziswa, ikhoyili nganye idityaniswe kumgca wamandla kuzo zombini iziphelo, ngoko ke i-voltage elayishwe kwikhoyili yomthwalo yintambo yombane. Ukuba sisebenzisa i-voltage ye-3-phase ye-380V esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo, ikhoyili yi-220V kuqhagamshelwano lweenkwenkwezi kunye ne-380V kuqhagamshelo lwenxantathu, P=U*I=U^2/R, ngoko ke amandla kuqhagamshelo lukanxantathu ngamaxesha ama-3 kuqhagamshelo lwenkwenkwezi. , yiyo loo nto iimotor ezinamandla aphezulu zisebenzisa i-star-delta step-down ukuqala. Ukuqonda le fomyula ingentla kwaye uyiqonde ngokucokisekileyo, awuyi kuphinda ubhideke malunga nomgaqo wemoto, kwaye awuyi koyika ukufunda ikhosi enzima njengokutsalwa kwemoto. ★Amanye amalungu enjini.
1) Ifeni: idla ngokufakwa emsileni wemoto ukukhupha ubushushu kwimoto; I-2) Ibhokisi ye-Junction: isetyenziselwa ukudibanisa kumandla ombane, njenge-AC yesigaba sesithathu se-asynchronous motor, kwaye inokudibaniswa inkwenkwezi okanye unxantathu njengoko kufuneka; 3) Ukuthwala: idibanisa iindawo ezijikelezayo kunye nezimileyo zemoto; 4. Isigqubuthelo sokuphela: izigqubuthelo zangaphambili nangasemva ngaphandle kwemoto, ezidlala indima exhasayo.
umbane ophantsi wemoto yombane,Ex motor, Abavelisi beeMoto eTshayina,Inqanaba lesithathu lemoto yokwenziwa, EWE injini